Joint Replacement 5 min read

When to Consider Joint Replacement Surgery

Five clear signs it may be time to discuss knee or hip replacement with an orthopaedic surgeon — and what to try first before surgery.

By Dr Arunangshu Mukherjee Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Joint replacement is a major decision, and most patients (rightly) want to delay it as long as reasonably possible. The challenge is that deferring too long can leave you with weaker muscles, more stiffness, and a harder recovery. These are the five signs surgeons look for when considering whether it’s time.

Signs it may be time

  1. 1Pain is getting more intense and more frequent — waking you at night, or present even at rest
  2. 2Your mobility is restricted — climbing stairs, walking a short distance, or standing up from a chair is a struggle
  3. 3The joint is often swollen, warm, or visibly deformed
  4. 4Daily routine activities (dressing, bathing, driving, working) are becoming difficult
  5. 5Non-surgical measures — medication, physiotherapy, weight loss, injections — have stopped helping

If three or more of the above apply, it’s worth a surgical consultation — not necessarily because you need surgery now, but because an honest evaluation can tell you where you are on the spectrum and what the non-surgical window still looks like.

Worth trying first

  • Activity modification and weight management — even 5 kg weight loss can meaningfully reduce knee load
  • Structured physiotherapy — strengthening the thigh and hip muscles can offload the joint
  • Analgesia — short courses of anti-inflammatories, paracetamol, or topical treatments
  • Image-guided injections — steroid or hyaluronic acid injections can give months of relief
  • Orthobiologics — for younger patients, PRP or stem-cell therapy may delay replacement
The goal of surgery is not to eliminate a normal-ageing joint — it’s to restore a life you can’t live without it.

Modern total knee and hip replacements reliably last 15–20 years, with 90%+ of patients reporting significant improvement in pain and function. The two most common regrets from patients who have had surgery are: “I wish I hadn’t waited so long” and “I wish I had done my physio before surgery, not after.”

Key takeaway

If pain is limiting your daily life despite non-surgical measures, a second opinion from an experienced orthopaedic surgeon will clarify where you stand. Surgery is rarely urgent — but it is often much easier when done at the right time rather than the last moment.

About the author

Dr Arunangshu Mukherjee

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon · MBBS · MS (Orthopaedics) · PhD · Fellowship in Lower Limb Arthroplasty, Glasgow. 30 years of practice across India, Scotland (NHS) and Saudi Arabia. Currently Professor of Orthopaedics at LNCT Medical College & Sevakunj Hospital and Senior Consultant at Sanjeevni Nursing Home, Indore.

Read full biography

Have a question about this?

Book a consultation with Dr Mukherjee at Sanjeevni Nursing Home, Indore — first opinion, second opinion, or follow-up.

Book a consultation